I'm afraid not. For two reasons:

1. /Library/Framework/SDL.framework is not in fpc's default search path, so it must be added with -Fl

Even then...

2. fpc expects libraries to be named lib*.dylib. Libraries in Frameworks have neither the "lib" prefix nor the ".dylib" suffix.

One solution is to create a symlink /usr/local/lib/libsdl.dylib pointing to /Library/Frameworks/SDL.framework/Versions/Current/SDL. (With that symbolic link then simply having {$linklib sdl} will link in the library with no additional changes or compiler flags, but otherwise not :? )