Unless I am mistaken you could just include the .a and .o file and then just do the linking on the target - I recall some closed source codecs and etc worked that way...

In your instance (executable in tar.gz) I guess you would just have to link it dynamically and hope for the best - just be warned that if any bugs arise with this setup, you cant ask for compiler messages and you may end up having a super fun time with clients... Or at least thats my experience with the last Ludum dare fiasco.